Biography
Biography: Jose Mario F De Oliveira
Abstract
Since the published results of the UKPDS, the reduction of HbA1c levels has been the universal and even more than that, ubiquitous paradigm in clinical guidelines, in older times for macrovascular diabetic complications and in more recent times for microvascular diabetic complications. This overconfidence in the reliability of “safe” HbA1c levels, unfortunately, has increased over the last decades the frequency of severe hypoglycemic episodes, a high speed delivery onto the market of unsafe new anti-diabetic drugs, forgetting about the endponts that mostly matter to the diabetic patient survival and quality of life based on each days shorter and biased clinical trials. The purposes of this talk will be to explain for the audience; the concepts of a soft, a hard and a surrogate outcome in the clinical spectrum of diabetes and their clinical relevance to treatment and prognosis.